Steam-engine



(No Model.) Sweets-Sheet 2. M. L. SEVERY..

STEAM ENGINE.

No. 590,863. Patented Sept. 28,1897.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

M. L. SEVERY.

STEAM ENGINE.

No. 590,863. Patented Sept. 28, 18917 m: norms PETERS ca, PNoYc-umo"wummron. n. c

(No Model.) I I 5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

. M. L. SEVERY.

, STEAM ENGINE.

No. 590,863, Patented Sept. 28,1897.

- Zh'iiress e5. [77%677573 m: "cams "TEES co Pucrou'mu, WASHINGTON, a. Q

(No Model.) 5 SheetS- Sheet 5.

M. L. SE'VERY.

STEAM ENGINE.

No. 590,863. Patented Sept. 28,1897.

which the following, taken in connection with UNITED STATES PATENT Fres.

MELVIN L. SEVER'Y, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS ASSIGNOR TO FRANCIS DCANE, FNORIVOOD, MASSACHUSETTS. I

STEAM-ENGlN E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 590,863, datedSeptember 28, 1897. Application filed February 6, 1896. Serial No.578,273. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern/.2

Be it known that I, MELVIN L. SEVERY, a citizen of the United States,residing'at Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Engines, of

' the accompanying drawings,is a specification.

This invention relates to steam, hot-air, or Vapor engines, and has forone of its objects -the reduction of the pressure under which the engineis workable, or, in other words, the lizaintenance with a low pressureof a relatively high degree of expansion by diminishing the amount ofheat radiating from what corresponds to the steam-cylinder and by makingthis receptacle of a material of such low capacity and conductivity forheat as to "prevent in a great measure the flashing of, V condensedwater or its equivalent in the cylinder int-o steam and the chilling ofthe walls of the cylinder when the pressure therein is considerablydecreased by the opening of the exhaust or condenser ports, thusrendering more of the energy of the steam, hot air, or vapor availableas a source of power, with the result that fuel is economized.

To this endthe invention consists, first, in the combination, ashereinafter more fully set forth, of two expansible closed chambers,made of some flexible material which preferably is waterproof, steam andair tight, and of low heat conductivity, and preferably of low heatcapacity, said chambers being shown in the drawings arranged end to endand connected together; a bar or plate attached to the connectionbetween the cylinders or chambers and reciprocating as the cylindersalternately contract and expand in turn; means for converting saidreciprocating motion as may be desired; induction and exhaust valves andvalve-chambers connected to the end of each cylinder opposite to theconnection between the same; induction and exhaust pipes connected tothese valve-chambers; connections between the expansible cylinders andthe valve-chambers, and mechanism operated by reciprocation of the baror plate attached to the connection between the cylinders to alternatelyopen and close the induction and exhaust valves at opposite end of thecylinder, so that the actuating fluid isalternately the valve mechanism,substantially as hereinafter more fully set forth, and, third,substantially as hereinafter more fully set forth, of a device operatedautomatically for discharging liquid formed in the chamber by thecondensation of steam or vapor.

In steam or vapor engines as generally constructed the waste of theenergy in the form of radiated and conducted heat is to some extentprevented by the jacketing of the metallic cylinder with a non-conducting material as, for example, with wood or with asteamjacketbut the loss of heat through the external walls of a cylinderis by no means so serious a'defect as is the loss which occurs withinthe cylinder. When the water in a steam-cylinder which has'beencondensed by work done is permitted, on the opening of the exhaust orcondenser port, to flash into steam, to chill the cylinder-walls, andcarry the heat taken from them into the condenser or-the air, the lossis often very great. By my system of construction I am enabled, wheredesirable, to make the chamber or cylinder wholly of a highlynon-conducting material, as well as of one having a small capacity forheat, and am thus enabled not only to prevent the loss'of energy asheat, but also to reduce the cost of construction and the loss byfriction.

- I have shown my improved cylinder as used with vertical engines havinga working beam, but itmay also be used with other forms of engines, andI do not confine myself to its use in steam-engines, as it is likewiseapplicable to vapor and hot air. Neither do I confine myself to theexact shape of my compressible chamber or cylinder, since the same Inthe accomanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side view in elevation of avertical steam or vapor engine. Fig. 2 is a view in elevation of thesame engine from the opposite side. Fig. 3 is an end view of the engine.Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the top of the upper chamberand of the "alves and valve-chambers. Fig. 5 is a view of thevalvechamber in elevation. Fig. 6 is an end view of the valves. Fig. 7is a view in elevation of the mechanism for operating the valves. Fig.Sis a plan view of the same. Fig. 9 is an isometrical view of thetoothed wheels and ratchet. Fig. 10 is a view in elevation of themechanism for operating one of the valves in the lower chamber, a partof the mechanism being cut away in order to show the other part. Fig. 11is a plan view of the same. Fig. 12 is a view in elevation of thegrooved wheel and ratchet-wheel connected thereto. Fig. 13 is a view inelevation of the toothed wheel of the valve mechanism in the upperchamber. Fig. 14 is a View in elevation of the toothed wheel and valvemechanism in the lower chamber. Fig. 15 is a sectional view of thedevice on the top of the lower chamber for the purpose of automaticallydischarging liquid formed in the chamber by the condensation of steam orvapor. Fig. 16 is a sectional view of a puppet-valve connected with thisdevice; and Fig. 17 is an enlarged view, partly in elevation and partlyin section, of that part of the device shown in Fig. 15.

In the drawings the same numerals refer to the same parts.

Referring to the drawings, 1 and 2 are two longitudinally-expansiblecylindrical closed chambers, made of some flexible material which iswaterproof, air and steam tight is a poor conductor of heat, andpreferably has small capacity for heat. I prefer a softvulcanized-rubber fabric where the temperature of the actuating fluid isnot too high, as this material well fulfils these conditions, but anysuitable waterproof fabric rendered air and steam tight may be used, orleather, or where higher temperatures are used the accordion-likechamber may be made of flexible sheet metal. ranged end to end and oneabove the other in the engine shown and constitute a steamcylinderdivided into two sections. They are connected at their adjoining ends tothe outside of the inclosed partition or cylinder 3 in such a mannerthat an air and steam tight connection is formed. This cylinder 3extends within the lower chamber 2 for a purpose to be hereinafterstated. The chambers or sections are thus united together, but they maybe otherwise united, the cylinder 3 being shown as a suitable means ofuniting them and for obtaining the other result accomplished by thiscylinder. In each of the chambers or sections are a series of wire rings4:, arranged at equal distances apart and placed within the body of thefabric used. The chambers are thus divided into a series These chambersare arof sections capable of longitudinal expansion and contraction.This construction is similar to that adopted in accord ions and othersimilar wind instruments, and its purpose will be readily understood.The upper end of the chamber 1 is attached to a closed cylinder 5,forming part of a horizontal plate 0 and extending downward into thecylinder a distance about equal to the length of the cylinder whenclosed. The cylinder 3, before referred to, extends for substantiallythe same distance into the chamber 2, and the object of these cylindersis to fill the chambers when contracted, enabling them to eject theircontents when so contracted. The horizontal plate 6 is supported uponvertical rods 7, preferably three in number, and arranged in the form ofa triangle. These rods extend from a suitable base-plate S. The lowerchamber 2 is closed by a plate 9. A vertical cylinder 10 is attachedthereto, and to the outside of this cylinder the material forming thewalls of the chamber is attached in such a manner that an air and steamtight connection is formed. This plate 9 is attached to rods 7 at asufficient distance from the baseplate 8 to permit the location of thevalvecharnbers on the under side of the plate 9.

The metallic cylinder 3 between the two chambers 1 and 2 has attached toit a horizontal triangular plate 11, which plate has attached to it ateach corner a vertical reciprocating rod 12. To this rod is attached aguide 13, which slides on the adjacent rod 7. These rods 12 areconnected above the steamcylinder by another triangular plate ll whichis pivoted to the working beam 15.

The plate 11,with the device connecting the chambers, virtually acts asthe piston of a steam-cylinder and may be so designated. The rod 16,connecting the working beam with the crank to the fiy-wheel 17, isprovided with a counterpoise 18 for the purpose of balancing the weightof the reciprocating parts.

19 is the condenser; 20, the condenserpump; 21, the pump-rod; 22, thelinks; 23, the radius-rod, and 24 the support for this rod fixed to thetop of the cylinder.

25 are the valve-chambers. These are cylindrical in form and are placedin pairs, end to end, one pair being attached to the plate 6 above thesame and the other to the plate 9 below the same. The steam or vaporsupply pipe is connected by pipes 26 with one of the chambers of theupper and lower pairs, and the condenser is connected by pipes 27 withthe opposite valve-chamber of the upper and lower pairs. The uppervalve-chambers are connected by suitable pipes 28 with the upper chamber1 and the lower valve-chambers are each respectively connectedbysuitable pipes with the lower chamber 2. Each valve is formed from twoparallel plates 20, preferably cone-shaped, and each having an equalnumber of equidistant sectors of equal size cut out of it. In this casethere are four as a convenient number, as shown. In the valveconncctcdwith the steam-pipe the plate 29, nearest the pipe entering thesteam-cylinder, is stationary, and is fixed between the inner walls ofthe valve-chamber and a central hub 30, and the other plate is attachedto an arbor 31, which passes through this hub and a steam-tight packingin the opposite side of the valve-chamber. The pressure of the steamentering the valve-chamber from the steam-pipe acts to retain theseplates in contact, and a spiral spring 22, placed between a collar inthe arbor and the hub, further conduces to that result.

In the valve-chambers connected with the condenser-pipe the plate nextthepipe entering the steam-cylinder is fixed to the arbor and the otherplateis stationary for the reason that the pressure comes from the sidenext the steam-cylinder. The rotation of the arbor 31 for the distancecorresponding to the number of openingsin the device shown 'thisdistance being an eighth of a turnwill register the openings in the twoparallel plates 29, and thus permit the flow of steam through theopenings,and the further rotation of the arbor another part of the turnto the same extent will bring the openings in the rotary plate under thecorresponding sectors of the other plate and thus shut off the steam.The openings in the plate of two opposite valve-chambers are so arrangedthat when the valve between the steam-pipe and the steam-cylinder isopen the valve between the condenser and the steam -cylinder is closed.A number of openings are used in order that as much steam as possiblemay be admitted or exhausted at each opening-of the valve. It isdesirable that these valves should be opened totheir full extent by asudden movement, and. it is the object ofthe mechanism operating thevalves to accomplish this result. This mechanism is shown both in wholeand in detail in Figs. 7 to 14, inclusive, and is substantially of thesame construction both for the upper and lower pair of valves. Upon thearbor 31 is a loose grooved wheel 33, on which is wound the cord 34, oneend of which is fastened to a spring 36, secured to the frame, and thecord is also made fast to the wheel Fixed upon the arbor is aratchet-wheel 37, having twice as many equidistant teeth as there areperforations in the valve-platein the device shown eightand turned inthe direction of the rotation of the wheel 33 when turned by the actionof the spring 36. A spring-dog 38 connects the ratchet-wheel with thewheel 33. Fixed upon the arbor are also two toothed wheels 30 and 40,each having as many equidistantteeth as there are openings in the valvesand turned in the opposite direction to the teeth of the ratchet-wheel.These wheels are so placed that the teeth of one wheel alternate withthe teeth of the other. The object of the wheel 33 is to wind up thecord and increase the tension of the spring attached thereto, andtheobject of the two wheels 39 and iO-is to permit the step-by-stepmovement of the arbor which is given by the release of the wheels forthe purpose of opening and closing the valve to be produced alternatelyby different mechanisms, one acting on one wheel, the other on the otherwheel. One wheel when releasedrotates the arbor to open the valve untilthe further rotation of the arbor is arrestedby the engagement of atooth of the other wheel with a suitable movable stop, and this wheel inturn when released rotates the arbor sufliciently to close the valve.

The bell-crank lever 35, operating by the cord to expand the spring 36and turn the wheel 33 fora distance equal to two teeth on theratchet-wheelin the device shown onefourth of a tnrnis actuated asfollows, reference being made for the purpose of description to themechanism of the upper valvechambers:

41 is a vertical rod attached to the reciprocating plate 11, and on thisrod is a pivoted spring-catch 452 at such a distance from the plate 11that when this plate 11 has near y completed its stroke on the expansionof the lower section of the steam-cylinder the catch will strike the endof the horizontal arm of the bell-crank lever 35 and throw the other armback, thus turning the wheel 33 and expanding the spring 36, While atthe same time the dog 38 will pass over one toot-h of the ratchet-wheel37 without engaging with it, but will fall under and engage the secondtooth. The ratchet-wheel has now a tendency. to turn aquarter-revolution by the action of the spring 36, which has beenextended by the movement of the lever 35. The catch 42 is made in awell-known manner, so that on the downward movement of the rod 41 itwill pass by the end of the horizontal'arm of the bell-cranklever 35without moving the same. A spring 43, much weaker than 36, is attachedto the vertical arm of the lever 35 for the purpose of taking up theslack of the cord. Pivoted upon the device 32 which supports the arbor,-is a pawl 44, the end of which engages with a tooth of the outer toothedwheel 39. The teeth of this wheel are so related to the sectors oropenings in the valve-plate that in the valve mechanism connected withthe valve the controlling steam-supply valve is closed when the wheel isthus held, but in the valve mechanism connected wit-h the valvecontrolling the exhaustvalve is open when this wheel is thus held. Asthe chamber 1 of the steam-cylinder expands the end of a vertical rod45, attached to the reciprocating plate 11, strikes against the pawl 44:and disengages its end from the tooth of the wheel The wheel isreleased, and under the effect of the retraction of the spring 36 thiswheel suddenly rotates, opening the steam-valve, while at the same timeor a moment previously another similar rod 45 on the other side of thesteam-cylinder strikes against the pawl of the valve mechw anismconnected with the exhaust-valve and releases the wheel of this valvemechanism, so that the exhaust-valve is suddenly closed. \Vhen the wheel39 rotates, it is arrested after making its fractional turn by theengagement of the teeth upon the inner wheel 40 with the end of a leveror holding-pawl 46, pivoted to the plate 32. (See Fig. 13.) .The otherend of this lever $6 is pivoted to a vertical rod 47, which passesthrough the plates Sand 9 and has upon it a collar 48, which when thesection or chamber 1 of the steamcylinder has fully expanded under theeffect of the entering steam is struck by a lug or projection 49 fromthe connection between the cylinders and draws the end of the lever i6against force of a spiral spring 50, arranged between the hub 5O on thislever and the plate 6. The teeth of the inner wheel 40 are thusreleased. The'whcel suddenly makes a fractional turn under the effect ofthe spring 30 and the steam-valve is closed and the condensing-valveopened.

There are two rods 47, one 011 each side, one forthe mechanism of thesteam-valve and the other for the mechanism of the exhaust-valve. Twoother vertical rods 47 are used for operating one lever or holdingpawl46 of the valve mechanism of the valves of the lower section or chamber2 of the steam-cylinder, and the horizontal arm of the bell-crank levers35 of this mechanism is also struck by the lower end of the rod etl andsimilar to the catch on its upper end. In the drawin this lower catch isshown as having passed the horizontal arm of the bell-crank lever. Theupper section or chamber 1 of the steam-cylinder is shown as expandedand the lower section or chamber 2 is contracted. As before stated, I donot limit myself in carrying my invention into effect to the form ofmechanism described for the operation of the valves, but it is shown anddescribed as a suitable and novel mechanism for the purpose. Thisarrangement of valve-chambers and the valve mechanism and devicesforoperating the same can be applied to a solid steam-cylinder having apiston. An automatic device (shown in Figs. 15 and 16) is used fordischarging the liquid formed in the" upper section or chamber by thecondensation of steam or vapor. The top of the cylinder 3 in the lowerchamber is depressed in the center, and communicating with thisdepression is a pipe 52, and connected by a sleeve 53 with this pipe isa flexible pipe 54, communicating with the condenserpump. Moving in thesleeve 53 is a puppet-valve 55, closing the opening into the pipe 54:.The stem 56 of this valve passes through the end of the sleeve 53. Aspiral spring 59, between the end of the sleeve 53 and a collar 56, actsto maintain the puppet-valve closed. Upon the condenser-pipe is aprojection 57, and on the plate 11 is a pivoted lever 58, one arm ofwhich when the bar has descended in the completion of the downwardstroke strikes against the projection 57 and forces this arm of thelever against the end of the collar 56, thus opening the puppet-valve.

It is obvious that an engine could be made with a single expansiblcchamber instead of with two, as shown, but as it would in no sense alterthe principle of my invention I have not deemed it necessary to showsuch a device, as it will at once be seen that such a single-actingengine, after the well-known type of atmospheric engine, is within theprovince of my invention.

hat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent ofthe United States, is-

1. In a device actuated by steam, vapor or hot air, one or morereceivers or cylinders each consisting of a partially collapsiblechamber provided with a displacement plug or plugs substantially fillingthe chamber when in its most contracted state, induction and eductionpipes communicating with said chamber and means for converting the motion of the chamber in its expansion and contraction into useful work,substantially as described.

2. In a device actuated by steam, vapor or hot air, one or morereceivers or cylinders each consisting of a partially collapsiblechamber of some flexible material,Waterproof, steam and air tight and oflow heat conductivity and preferably of low heat capacity, adisplacement-plug in each chamber substantially filling the same when inits most contracted state, induction and eduction pipes communicatingwith said chamber, and means for converting into useful work themovement of the chamber in its expansion and contraction.

3. In a steam or vapor engine, the combination substantially asdescribed of expansible cylindrical closed chambers made of someflexible material, waterproof, steam and air tight, and of low heatconductivity, and preferably of low heat capacity, said chambers beingarranged end to end and connected to gether by a plate attached to theconnection between the chambers and reciprocating as the chambersalternately contract and expand; means for converting this reciprocatingmotion as may be desired; steam or vapor and exhaust valves andvalve-chambers connected to the end of each expansible chamber oppositeto the connection between the same; steam or vapor and exhaust pipesconnected to these valve-chambers, means for communication between theexpansible chambers and the valve-chambers, and mechanism operating bythe reciprocation of the plate attached to the connection between thecylinders to open and close the steam and exhaust valves at the oppositeends of the expansible chambers so that steam is alternately admittedinto one chamber and exhausted from the other.

4. In a steam or vapor engine, the combination substantially asdescribed of two longitudinally expansible cylindrical closed chambersmade of soft vulcanized rubber fabric, said chambers being arranged endto end and connected together, a plate attached to the connectionbetween the chambers and reciprocating as the chambers alternatelycontract and expand; means for converting this reciprocatory motion asmay be desired; steam or vapor induction and exhaust valve-chambersconnected to the end of each expansible chamber opposite to theconnection between the same; induction and exhaust pipes connected tothese valve-chambers, means for communication between the expansiblechambers and the valve-chambers and mechanism operated bythe-reciprocation of the plate attached to the connection between thecylinders to open and close the steam or vapor and exhaust valves atopposite ends of the expansible chambers so that steam or vapor isalternately admitted into one chamber and exhausted from the other.

5. In a steam or vapor engine, the combination substantially asdescribed with two steam or vapor cylinders made of some flexiblematerial, waterproof and air and steam tight, and of lowheatconductivity, and preferably of low heat capacity, arranged end to endand connected together; .of a series of rings arranged at equaldistances apart and secured to the inside of each of the cylinders.

6. In a steam or vapor engine, the combination substantially asdescribed of two vertical longitudinally-expansible steam-cylindersarranged end to end and connected together two plates, one attached byanair and steam tight connection to the top of one cylinder and the otherby a similar connection to the bottom of the other cylinder; rodsextending from the upper plate and secured to the lower plate, and asuitable base-plate; the rods inclosing the cylinder, two rods be ingopposite to each other; a plate attached to the connection between thecylinders and reciprocating as the cylinders alternately expand andcontract; vertical rods, each attached to an opposite side of the plate;a guide on each rod sliding on the adjacent stationary vertical rod; across-piece above the cylinder and connecting the reciprocating rods anda connection between this crosspiece and the working beam of the engine.

7 The combination substantially as described of the two expansible steamor vapor cylinders arranged end to end, and a closed cylinder at thejunction of the cylinders and having the ends of the cylinders attachedthereto by an air and steam tight connection and projecting within thelower cylinder.

8. In a steam-engine of the class described, the combination,substantially as set forth, with the upper expansible steam-cylinder, ofa plate covering the upper end of said cylinder and a displacement-plugattached to the bottom of said plate and extending within said cylinder.

9. The combination substantially as described of a steam or vaporcylinder, a device having a reciprocating movement as the steam or vaporis admitted alternately in the opposite sides of this device; two pairsof valvechambers, one pair at one end of the cylinder, the other pair atthe other end; pipes respectively connecting the steam-pipe with avalvechamber at each end of the cylinder, both valve-chambers being onthe same side of the cylinder; pipes respectively connecting thecondenser with a valve-chamber at one end of the steam-cylinder, bothchambers being in the same side of the cylinder and each opposite asteam-valve cylinder; pipes respectively connecting the exhaust andsteam valve chambers of each steam-cylinder with the same valves in eachchamber; mechanism operating each valve to open and close the same;mechanism on the opposite sides of the cylinder and operated by themovement of the reciprocating device to alternately open and close thesteam and exhaust valves on the opposite sides of this device.

'10. In a steam-engine, the combination substantially as described, oftwo longitudinallyexpansible cylinders connected together end to end,the upper cylinder attached to a fixed horizontal plate and the lowercylinder attached to a fixed horizontal plate; a bossplate; two pairs ofvalve-chambers, one pair supported on the upper horizontal plate and theother pair attached to the under side of the lower plate; pipesrespectively connectin g the steam-pipe with an upper valve-chamher anda lower valve-chamber, both of said valve-chambers being on the sameside of the cylinder; pipes respectively connecting the condenser withan upper valve-chamber and with a lower valve-chamber, both of saidchambers being on the sameside of the steamcylinder and each opposite asteam-valve chamber; valves in each chamber; mechanism for operatingeach valve; a plate attached to the connection between the twosteam-cylinders and reciprocating as these cylinders alternately expandand contract; mechanism on the opposite sides of the cylinders andoperated by this plate and each acting on the reciprocating movement ofthe plate to operate the valve mechanism; pipes connecting respectivelythe exhaust and steam valve chambers of each steam-cylinder with thesame.

11. The combination substantially as described with a steam-cylinder ofa valve-chamber fixed at the end of the same and communicating with theend of the'cylinder and with the steam-pipe or exhaust-pipe; a rotaryvalve formed of two parallel plates placed between the entrance of thesteam-cylinder and the entrance of the steam or condenser pipe and eachplate furnished with sector-shaped openings at equal distances apart andof equal size, the openings in one plate registering with the openingsin the other plate and one plate fixed to the walls of the valve-chamberand the other to a rotating arbor, and mechanism acted upon by areciprocatory piston-head to suddenly open the valve on the movement ofthe piston-head in one direction and to close it suddenly in themovement of the pistonhead in the other direction.

12. The combination substantially as described of the plate 32; rotatingarbor 31 mounted on the same, the perforated valveplate 29 fixed on thearbor and having an even number of equidistant sectoral openings ofequal size; the wheel 33 loose 011 the arbor; the cord 34 on said wheel,the springs 36 and 43; the ratchet-wheel 37 having twice the number ofteeth as the openings in the valve fixed in the arbor; the dog 38connecting the ratchet-wheel with the wheel on the arbor; the toothedparallel wheels 39 and 40, each having half the n u mber of teeth as theratchetwheel fixed on the arbor and having the teeth of one alternatingwith the teeth of the other; the bell-crank lever 35 having one armattached to the cord; the holding-pawl 44 hearing against a tooth of oneof the parallel wheels; the holding-pawl 46 bearing against a tooth ofthe other parallel wheel; a rod 47 connected to the end of this pawl andreciprocating piston-head; rods 41 and 43 attached to this piston-head,one striking one arm of the bell-crank lever to operate the same as thepiston makes its strokes in one direction and the other rod acting tostrike the pawl and disengage its end from the toothed wheel as thepiston-head further moves in the same direction; a collar 48 on the rod47 acted upon by the piston-head as it completes its stroke in eitherdirection whereby the rod is moved to disengage the end of the attachedlever from the tooth of that of the parallel wheels with which itengages.

13. The combination substantially as described of a reciprocatingpiston-head, a plate attached to said piston-head, rods 41 and 45 atright angles to this plate and attached to the same near their centers,the bell-crank lever opposite each end of the rod, the holdingpawls 44opposite eachend of the rod 45, the

rod 41 acting to move the bell-crank lever as the piston-head moves, anda rod 45 acting to strike the holding-pawl as the reciprocatingpiston-head moves further in the same direction.

14. The combination, substantially as described, of the bell-cranklevers 35; the cord; spring; loose wheel; grooved wheel; ratchetwheel;spring-dog and rotating valve-arbor operated by said bell-crank lever;the recip rocating plate 11, the rod 41 attached thereto; the pivotedcatches 42 on said rod, each catch moving the corresponding bell-cranklever as the rod moves in one direction but passing the bell-crank leveras the rod moves in the other direction.

15. The combination, substantially as described, with the arbor of therotating valve, of the rotating ratchet-wheel 4O fixed on said arbor;the plate 32 supporting said arbor; the rod 47; the hub on said rod; theprojection 49 attached to the connection between the steam-cylinders;the plate 6 forming the top of the upper cylinder; the spring 50 betweensaid plate and said hub; and the pawl 46 pivoted to said plate 32 andactuated by said rod.

16. The combination substantially as described of the reciprocatingpiston-head, two opposite holding-pawls 40 and 46, two rods movinglongitudinally at right angles to the plane of the piston-head, oneattached to one pawl and the other to the other pawl, and a boss 49 onone rod adapted to be struck by the lug on the piston-head to move therod as the piston-head moves in the other direction.

17. The combination substantially asde scribed of the cylinder 3 havinga reciprocating movement, the depressed top of the same, a pipe 52extending upward through said depressed top and a sleeve on the end ofthis pipe, a flexible pipe 54 extending from this sleeve to thecondenser-pump, the puppetvalve 55 in the pipe, and closing the pipe, astem 56 to this valve extending through the sleeve, a spiral spring 59on this stem between the end of the sleeve and a hub in the stem, apivoted lever 58 having one end bearing against the stem and aprojection 57 in the con denser-pipe striking this lever to force in thestem and open the valve when the reciprocating cylinder reaches the endof one stroke.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 7th day ofJanuary, A. D. 1896.

MELVFA L. SEVERY.

Witnesses:

CHAS. A. KELLOG-G, WM. W. MONTGOMERY.

Correction in Letters Patent No. 590,863.

It is hereby certified that Letters Patent No. 590,863, grantedSeptember 28, 1897,

upon the application of Melvin L. Severy, of Boston, Massachusetts, foran improve- I ment in Steam-Engines, was erroneously issued to FrancisDoane, as owner of the entire interest in said invention; that saidLetters Patent should have been issued to the inventor Melvin L. Savory,and Francis Doane, jointly, said Francis Deane being the assignee ofnine-twentieths interest only in said patent, as shown by the record ofassignments in this Office; and that the said Letters Patent should beread with this correction therein that the same may conform to therecord of the case in the Patent Ofiice.

Signed, countersigned, and sealed this 26th day of October, A. D., 1897.

THOS. RYAN, First Assistant Secretary of the Interior.

[SEAL] Countersigned BENJ. BUTTERWORTH,

Commissioner of Patents.

